Melt the butter in a light-colored saucepan over medium heat, swirling often, until it foams and the milk solids turn golden brown and smell nutty, 4 to 5 minutes. Pour into a large bowl (including the brown bits) and let it cool 10 minutes.
Whisk the brown sugar and granulated sugar into the warm brown butter until smooth. Whisk in the egg and yolk, orange juice, orange zest, and vanilla until glossy.
Whisk the flour, baking soda, salt, and cinnamon in a separate bowl. Fold the dry ingredients into the wet just until no dry streaks remain, then fold in the chopped cranberries and white chocolate chips.
Cover the dough and chill for 30 minutes. This keeps the cookies thick and chewy instead of spreading flat.
Heat the oven to 350°F (175°C). Line two baking sheets with parchment paper. Scoop 2-tablespoon balls of dough (about 24) and space them 2 inches apart.
Bake for 11 to 13 minutes, until the edges are set and lightly golden but the centers still look soft and puffy. Do not wait for the centers to brown.
Let the cookies cool on the baking sheet for 5 minutes, then transfer to a wire rack. If glazing, whisk the powdered sugar, orange juice, and zest until smooth and drizzle over the cooled cookies.
Store in an airtight container at room temperature for up to 5 days.